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The Sioux are a Native American tribe and First Nations band government in North America. The term can refer to any ethnic group within the Great Sioux Nation or any of the nation's many language dialects. The Sioux comprise three major divisions based on Siouan dialect and subculture: the Santee, the Yankton-Yanktonai, and the Lakota. The Santee (''Isáŋyathi''; "Knife"), also called Eastern Dakota, reside in the extreme east of the Dakotas, Minnesota and northern Iowa. The Yankton and Yanktonai (''Iháŋktȟuŋwaŋ'' and ''Iháŋktȟuŋwaŋna''; "Village-at-the-end" and "Little village-at-the-end"), collectively also referred to as the Western Dakota or by the endonym ''Wičhíyena'', reside in the Minnesota River area. They are considered to be the middle Sioux, and have in the past been erroneously classified as Nakota.〔for a report on the long-established blunder of misnaming as "Nakota", the Yankton and the Yanktonai, see the article Nakota〕 The Lakota, also called Teton (''Thítȟuŋwaŋ''; possibly "Dwellers on the prairie"), are the westernmost Sioux, known for their hunting and warrior culture. Today, the Sioux maintain many separate tribal governments scattered across several reservations, communities, and reserves in North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Minnesota, and Montana in the United States; and Manitoba and southern Saskatchewan in Canada. ==Etymology== The name "Sioux" is an abbreviated form of ''Nadouessioux'' borrowed into Canadian French from ''Nadoüessioüak'' from the early Odawa exonym: ''naadowesiwag'' "Sioux".〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Sioux )〕 Jean Nicolet recorded the use in 1640.〔 The Proto-Algonquian form '' *na·towe·wa'', meaning "Northern Iroquoian", has reflexes in several daughter languages that refer to a small rattlesnake (massasauga, ''Sistrurus''). This information was interpreted by some that the Odawa borrowing was an insult. However, this Proto-Algonquian term most likely was ultimately derived from a form '' *-a·towe·'', meaning simply "to speak a foreign language",〔 which would make it similar to the etymology of the Greek "Barbarian". Later this was extended in meaning in some Algonquian languages to refer to the massasauga. Thus, contrary to many accounts, the old Odawa word ''naadowesiwag'' did not equate the Sioux with snakes. This is not confirmed though, since usage over the previous decades has led to this term having negative connotations to those tribes to which it refers. This would explain why many tribes have rejected this term as an exonym. One source states that the name "Sioux" derives from a Chippewa word meaning "little snake";〔(Learn about the history of the Sioux Indians ). Indians.org. Retrieved on 2012-07-08.〕 Ojibwe, or Chippewa, is a dialectic variant of Odawa. The current Ojibwe term for the The Sioux and related groups is ''Bwaan'', meaning "roaster" (Bwaan ''NA'', Bwaanag ''NA' pl.''). Presumably, this refers to the style of cooking The Sioux used in the past. Some of the tribes have formally or informally adopted traditional names: the Rosebud Sioux Tribe is also known as the ''Sičháŋǧu Oyáte'', and the Oglala often use the name ''Oglála Lakȟóta Oyáte'', rather than the English "Oglala Sioux Tribe" or OST. The alternative English spelling of Ogallala is considered improper.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sioux」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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